India's Largest Stockist and Supplier Of Nickel Alloys Since 2007
| Heat Exchanger Information | |
|---|---|
| Operating Temperature | 500-600 Deg C |
| Operating Pressure | 250 Kg/cm2 |
| Sizing (thickness, dia) | 100mm / Up to 6000 mm |
| Design parameter | ASME Section VIII, Div 1 & 2 U, U2 & S stamp TEMA U, U2 & S stamp IBR PESO |
| MOC |
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| Certifications |
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Undertstand Heat Exchanger Material Selection Tips Here
Heat Exchanger Material Selection Tips
- Understand the Operating Conditions
- Consider the Corrosiveness of the Fluids
- Thermal Conductivity Matters
- Mechanical Strength and Fabrication
- Cost vs. Performance Trade-off
- Fouling Resistance
- Compliance with Standards
Table of Content
- Heat Exchanger Types
- Shell and Tube Exchanger
- Fin Tube Heat Exchangers
- Plate Heat Exchangers
- Shell and Tube Heat Exchangers Application
- Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger Design
- Classification of Heat Exchangers by Flow Configuration
- Factors to Consider in Choosing the Right Heat Exchanger
- Working Principle Of Heat Exchanger
- Material Selection Approaches for the Fight Against Heat Exchanger Corrosion
- Plate vs Shell and Tube Heat Exchangers
- What Material Properties Should You Look for In Heat Exchanger Design?
- Considerations When Selecting a Heat Exchanger
- Applications for Scraped-surface Heat Exchangers
- Comparison of the Best Materials for Heat Exchanger Design
- Fouling in Heat Exchanger
- Heat Exchanger Model-selection Process
- Classification of Heat Exchangers by Construction
- Tubular Exchanger Classification
- Plate Exchanger Classification
- Gauge Pressure of Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger
- Heat Exchanger Tube Dimentional Arrangement
- Heat Transfer Coefficients in Heat Exchangers
- Flat Plate Heat Exchanger Fouling Resistances Coefficients
- Material Wise Heat Value for Heat Exchanger
- What are the concepts of heat exchangers?
- Plate and Frame Heat Exchanger Physical Properties
- Features of Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchangers
Shell and Tube Heat Exchangers
Plate Heat Exchangers
Air Cooled Heat Exchangers
Double Pipe Heat Exchangers
Fin Tube Heat Exchangers
Plate and Frame Exchanger
Regenerative Heat Exchangers
Cross Flow Heat Exchangers
Parallel Flow Heat Exchanger
Conduction Heat Exchangers
Fixed Tube Heat Exchanger
Scraped Surface Heat Exchangers
Brazed Plate Heat Exchanger
Compact Heat Exchanger
Sanitary Heat Exchanger
Adiabatic Wheel Heat Exchanger
Fan Cooled Heat Exchanger
Counterflow Heat Exchangers
| Parameter | Typical Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Shell Diameter | 200 - 1200 | mm |
| Tube Outer Diameter | 12.7 - 25.4 | mm |
| Tube Thickness | 0.9 - 2.0 | mm |
| Tube Length | 1000 - 6000 | mm |
| No. of Tubes | 50 - 2000 | Count |
| Tube Pitch | 1.25 × OD | - |
| Design Pressure | 10 - 100 | bar |
| Design Temperature | -40 to 400 | °C |
| Tube Material | Stainless Steel / Copper / Inconel | - |
| Shell Material | Carbon Steel / Stainless Steel | - |
| Parameter | Typical Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Tube Outer Diameter | 12.7 - 38.1 | mm |
| Tube Thickness | 0.7 - 2.0 | mm |
| Tube Length | 1000 - 6000 | mm |
| Fin Height | 5 - 20 | mm |
| Fin Thickness | 0.2 - 0.5 | mm |
| Fins Per Inch (FPI) | 8 - 14 | FPI |
| Fin Material | Aluminum / Copper / Stainless Steel | - |
| Tube Material | Copper / Stainless Steel / Carbon Steel | - |
| Design Pressure | 10 - 30 | bar |
| Design Temperature | -20 to 250 | °C |
| Parameter | Typical Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Plate Thickness | 0.4 - 0.8 | mm |
| Plate Width | 300 - 1000 | mm |
| Flow Passage Gap | 2 - 6 | mm |
| Design Pressure | 10 - 25 | bar |
| Design Temperature | -10 to 180 | °C |
| Plate Height | 600 - 2000 | mm |
| Number of Plates | 10 - 300 | Plates |
| Gasket Material | NBR / EPDM / Viton | - |
| Connection Size | DN25 - DN150 | mm |
| Plate Material | Stainless Steel / Titanium / Hastelloy | - |
Refer Shell and Tube Heat Exchangers Application Here
| Shell Type | Description |
|---|---|
| E |
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| F |
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| H |
|
| J |
|
| K |
|
| G |
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| X |
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Find Heat Exchangers Classification Based On Flow
- Temperature Range
- Pressure Rating
- Materials of Construction
- Thermal Efficiency
- Footprint
- Ease in Cleaning
- Fouling and Maintenance
Must Know Working Principle Of Heat Exchanger
- Understanding corrosion mechanisms:
- Corrosion resistant materials
- Compatibility with operating conditions
- Galvanic compatibility
- Corrosion testing and evaluation
- Coatings and corrosion inhibitors
- Life cycle cost analysis
- Regulatory compliance
Compare Plate vs Shell and Tube Heat Exchangers
| Properties | Plate Heat Exchanger | Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger |
|---|---|---|
| Heat Transfer Efficiency | High (~3000-7000 W/m²·K) | Moderate (~500-3000 W/m²·K) |
| Footprint | Compact (30-50% less space) | Large (bulkier design) |
| Max Operating Pressure | Up to 30 bar | Up to 100 bar |
| Max Operating Temperature | Up to 180°C | Up to 600°C |
| Maintenance | Easy | More difficult |
| Applications | HVAC, food processing, pharmaceuticals | Oil & gas, power plants, chemical processing |
- Thermal Conductivity
- Temperature Resistance
- Density//Weight
- Corrosion Resistance
- Strength
- Cost and Availability
| Characteristics | Shell-and-Tube | Plate-and-Frame | Scraped-Surface |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cost Per Square Foot | Low | Low | HIgh |
| Amount of Regeneration | Medium | High | None |
| Maintenance Cost | Low | Medium | High |
| Laminar | Low | Low | Medium/HIgh |
| Turbulent | Medium | High | Medium |
| Flexibility of Process | Good | Fair | Good |
| Residence Time | Medium | Low | Medium |
| Length of Time | Medium/Good | Medium/Good | Excellence |
| Operating Pressure | High | Low | High |
| Use With Particulates | Good/Excellent | Poor | Excellent |
| CIP Ability | Excellent | Excellent | Good |
| Materials of Construction Available | Good | Good | Good |
- Baby Food
- Bread Dough
- Chocolate Spreads
- Fruit Pie Fillings
- Gelatine
- Gravies
- Hummus
- Ketchup
- Licorice
- Mayonnaise
- Mechanically Deboned Meat
| Material | Tensile Strength (lb/in^2) | Thermal Conductivity (BTU/hr*ft*F) | Density (lb/in^3) @ Room Temp (68F) | Highest Operating Temperature (F) | Corrosion Resistance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Copper | 37000 | 6.95 | 0.323 | 1982 | High |
| Stainless Steel | 75000 | 0.285 | 0.285 | 1500 | High |
| Aluminum | 35000 | 4.14 | 0.098 | 300 | Moderate |
| Titanium | 12000 | 0.15 | 0.163 | 1648 | High |
| Heat exchanger | Average gap (mm) | Particle size (mm) | Fiber length (mm) | Pulp % | Viscosity CPS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plate-and-Frame | |||||
| Typical industrial plate | 2.4-3.95 | Dia 0.5 | 1 | 2 | 2500 |
| Low contact point plate | 3.95 | Dia 0.5 | 5 | 7 | 1000 |
| Typical sanitary plate | 3.95 | Dia 0.5 | 1 | 3 | 5000 |
| Shell-and-Tube | |||||
| Annular space | GAP 5-49 mm | Dia 3-47 | Up to 35 mm | 80 | 12000 |
| Monotube | Pipes dia 14-97.6 | Dia 12-95 | Up to 50 mm | No limit | 1000 |
| Multitube | Pipes dia 12-22.6 id | Dia 5-10 | Up to 18 mm | 60 | 1200 |
| Scraped-Surface | - | - | Up to 31 mm | No limit | No limit |
| Unit | Pascal (Pa) | Bar (bar) | Torr (Torr) | Atmosphere (atm) | Pound per square inch (psi) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 bar | 100000 | 106 dyn/cm2 | 750 | 0.9867 | 14.5 |
| 1 Pa | 1 N/m² | 0.00001 | 0.0075006 | 0.000009867 | 0.000145 |
| 1 at | 98066 | 0.980665 | 735.5 | 0.968 | 14.223 |
| 1 torr | 133.322 | 0.013332 | 1 mmHg | 0.0013158 | 0.0193 |
| 1 atm | 101325 | 1.01325 | 760 | 1 atm | 14.7 |
| 1 psi | 0.006894 | 0.068948 | 51.72 | 0.068046 | 1 lbf/in² |
| Tube Diameter | Square Pitch | Triangular Pitch |
|---|---|---|
| 1 ¼” (32 mm) | 1 9/16” (39 mm) | 1 9/16” (39 mm) |
| 1” (25 mm) | 1 ¼” (32 mm) | 1 ¼” (32 mm) |
| ¾” (19 mm) | 1” (25 mm) | 15/16” or 1” (24 or 25 mm) |
| 5/8” (16 mm) | 7/8” (22 mm) (Note = 1) | 25/32” (20 mm) |
| 1 ½” (38 mm) | 1 7/8” (47 mm) | 1 7/8” (47 mm) |
| Type | U W/(m².K) | U Btu/(h.ft².°F) |
|---|---|---|
| Tubular, condensation | 300 - 1200 | 50 - 200 |
| 1500 - 4000 | 250 - 700 | |
| Spiral heat exchanger | 900 - 3500 | 150 - 700 |
| 700 - 2500 | 125 - 500 | |
| Tubular, evaporation | 600 - 1700 | 100 - 300 |
| 300 - 900 | 50 - 150 | |
| 900 - 3000 | 150 - 500 | |
| Air-cooled heat exchangers | 60 - 180 | 10 - 30 |
| 400 - 550 | 70 - 95 | |
| 600 - 750 | 100 - 130 | |
| 30 - 60 | 5 - 10 | |
| 700 - 850 | 125 - 150 | |
| 200 - 450 | 35 - 80 | |
| 350 - 500 | 65 - 90 | |
| Tubular, heating or cooling | 200 - 400 | 35 - 70 |
| 150 - 500 | 25 - 90 | |
| 5 - 35 | 1 - 6 | |
| 15 - 70 | 3 - 15 | |
| 300 - 1200 | 50 - 200 | |
| 150 - 1200 | 25 - 200 | |
| Plate heat exchanger | 1000 - 4000 | 150 - 700 |
| Cooling Tower | Treated Make-up | 0.002 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.002 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Untreated Make-up | 0.004 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.005 | |
| River Water | Minimum | 0.002 | 0.001 | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Average | 0.003 | 0.002 | 0.003 | 0.004 | |
| Muddy Water | - | 0.0003 | 0.0002 | 0.0003 | 0.0004 |
| Distilled Water | - | 0.0005 | 0.0005 | 0.0005 | 0.0005 |
| Sea Water | - | 0.0001 | 0.0005 | 0.0005 | 0.0001 |
| Product | Heat Capacity - Cp | |
|---|---|---|
| (Btu/lb oF) | (J/ g °C) | |
| Ammonia, 104oF | 1.16 | 4.86 |
| Alcohol, ethyl 32oF (ethanol) | 0.55 | 2.3 |
| Water, sea 36oF | 0.94 | 3.93 |
| Propane, 32oF | 0.576 | 2.4 |
| Castor Oil | 0.43 | 1.8 |
| Fuel Oil max. | 0.5 | 2.09 |
| Freon R-12 saturated 0oF | 0.217 | 0.91 |
| Light Oil, 300oF | 0.54 | 2.3 |
| Octane | 0.51 | 2.15 |
| Sodium chloride | 0.79 | 3.31 |
| Mercury | 0.03 | 0.14 |
| Heptane | 0.535 | 2.24 |
| Toluene | 0.41 | 1.72 |
| Gasoline | 0.53 | 2.22 |
| Kerosene | 0.48 | 2.01 |
| Light Oil, 60oF | 0.43 | 1.8 |
| Gold | 0.0308 | 0.129 |
| Oil, mineral | 0.4 | 1.67 |
| Dowtherm | 0.37 | 1.55 |
| Petroleum | 0.51 | 2.13 |
| Olive oil | 0.47 | 1.97 |
| Propylene Glycol | 0.60 | 2.5 |
| Soya bean oil | 0.47 | 1.97 |
| Water, fresh | 1 | 4.19 |
- Heat Transfer Mechanisms
- Flow Arrangements
- Types of Exchangers
- Thermal Efficiency
| Property | Units | Water | Liquids | Steam | Air | Vapors |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Density | kg/m³ | 1000 | 700 - 1500 | - | 1.29@STP (1.0 bar, 0°C) | - |
| lb/ft³ | 62.29 | 43.6 - 94.4 | - | 0.08@STP (14.7 psia, 60°F) | - | |
| Prandtl Nbr | - | 1 -15 | 10 - 1000 | 1.0 | 0.7 | 0.7 - 0.8 |
| Heat Capacity | KJ/kg °C | 4.2 | 1.0 - 2.5 | 2.0 | 1.0 | 2.0 - 4.0 |
| Btu/lb °F | 1.0 | 0.239 - 0.598 | 0.479 | 0.239 | 0.479 - 0.958 | |
| Thermal Con- ductivity | W/m °C | 0.55 - 0.70 | 0.10 - 0.20 | 0.025 - 0.070 | 0.025 - 0.05 | 0.02 - 0.06 |
| Btu/h ft °F | 0.32 - 0.40 | 0.057 - 0.116 | 0.0144 - 0.040 | 0.014 - 0.029 | 0.116 - 0.35 | |
| Latent Heat | kJ/kg | 1200 - 2100 | 200 - 1000 | - | - | - |
| Btu/lb | 516 - 903 | 86 - 430 | - | - | - | |
| Viscosity | cP | 1.8 @ 0 °C | ** | 0.01 - 0.03 | 0.02 - 0.05 | 0.01 - 0.03 |
| 0.57 @ 50 °C | - | - | - | |||
| 0.28 @ 100 °C | - | - | - | |||
| 0.14 @ 200 °C | - | - | - |
| Type of Design | Fixed tube sheet | Internal floating head (split backing ring) | Outside-packed floating head | Pull-through floating head | U-tube | Packed lantern-ring floating head |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TEMA rear-head type | L, M or N | S | P | T | U | W |
| Relative cost increases from A (least expensive) through E | B | E | D | E | A | C |
| Provision for differential expansion | Expansion joint in shell | Floating head | Floating head | Floating head | Individual tubes free to expand | Floating head |
| possible | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Individual tubes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Only those in | Yes |
| replaceable | - | - | - | - | outside rowb | - |
| Tube cleaning by chemicals inside and outside | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Removal bundle | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Replacement bundle | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Interior tube cleaning mechanically | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Special tools | Yes |
| Exterior tube cleaning mechanically: | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Tube interior | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Special tools required | Yes |
| Tube exterior | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Double tube sheet feasible | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | No |
| Triangular pitch | No | Noc | Noc | Noc | Noc | Noc |
| Square pitch | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Hydraulic-jet cleaning: | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Number of tube passes | No practical limitations | No practical limitationsd | No practical limitations | No practical limitationsd | Any even number possible | Limited to one or two passes |
| Internal gaskets eliminated | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | Yes |
Why Should You Buy From Regent Steel?
- Distributor of Renowned Mills of Nickel Alloys in Europe and USA.
- Experience of 2 Decades as a Supplier of High Temperature Alloys in Dubai ( UAE), Saudi Arabia and Africa.
- Largest Stockist of Nickel Alloy Flat Products in Mumbai
- Ready Stock of Sheets, Coils, Strips and Bars in Over 50 Sizes at Al Jubail, Abu Dhabi, Muscat and South Africa
- Facility of Cut to Size at No Extra Cost.
- Weekly Delivery to Nigeria, Qatar, Dammam, Sharjah and Singapore
- NACE Certified Material at Dealer Price.
- Resale Price for Traders, Wholesalers, Importers and Stockholders in Mena Countries
- Data Sheets and MTC Along With Quote.
- Free Sample, Latest Price List on Request
- Renowned Supplier in Heat Exchangers, Instrumentation, and Oil and Gas Industry
- Compare Weight Chart and Price Per Kg in China and India.
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